This article from "Ian's Blog" a blog by a privacy and security architect named Ian Oliver provides some basic and not so basic information regarding personally identifiable information or PII.
From the Office of Civil Rights YouTube page: "Health information is powerful medicine. Having access to your health records is a powerful tool in managing your care. This video will help you learn more about how HIPAA gives you rights to your health information." Visit http://www.hhs.gov/ocr to learn more.